Staurois tuberilinguis is known from northeastern Borneo, where it inhabits small to medium-sized rocky streams. It is smaller than S. natator and differs in having rougher skin with rows of warts. The species occurs in hillside primary forests between 200 m and over 1600 m a.s.l., though it is most common above 500 m. S. tuberilinguis closely resembles S. parvus but can be reliably distinguished by its larger body size and longer snout.

Males reach up to 31 mm in snout–vent length (SVL), while females grow to 38 mm. The species has a slender body with slender legs. The fingertips and toe tips are expanded into adhesive discs. The snout is long, narrow, and protruding in profile, typically clearly longer than the eye diameter.

The dorsal skin is pebbled, bearing numerous rounded tubercles of various sizes. These often form longitudinal, interrupted rows along the back.

Dorsal coloration is brown and green, or shades of olive green, generally with less contrast than in S. guttatus. The iris is mostly black, with a yellowish ring encircling the horizontally oval pupil (not bicolored as in S. guttatus). The ventral surfaces of the frog are lightly colored, often with bluish or greenish hues. Toes I–III (inner toes) and the webbing between them are chalky bluish white.

This species is associated with small rocky mountain streams. As in S. parvus and S. guttatus, individuals are often observed at night resting on saplings growing in midstream or on low vegetation right at the banks.

Tadpoles are not well documented, but in general they resemble those of S. natator. They have been collected from accumulations of leaf litter in quiet stream sections (Malkmus et al. 2002).